Find an article that discusses one of the topics in Ch 6; Ch 7; Ch 8. Give us a live link to the article and summarize it.
The date should be after the beginning of the semester. Give us a live link to the article and summarize it. Please describe the article and give its relation to the Module. Tell me the chapter it is related to. The subject should be the title of the article so it is easily identified. I have it arranged so you cannot see other articles. That way you do not have to worry about duplication.
9
Ch 6 Overview and Formation of Contracts Definition of a Contract Categories of Contracts (Written v Oral; Bilateral v
Unilateral; Express v Implied v Quasi-Contracts; Other Categories)
Sources of Contract Law Contract Transactions Contract Formation
Offer (including Advertisements as an Invitation for an Offer)
Acceptance (including Termination of Offer (incl by Operation of Law); When Acceptance is Effective (incl Mailbox Rule); Silence as Acceptance)
Insufficient Agreement (incl Indefinite Terms; Mistake)
Consideration (incl Legal Detriment; Amount and Type; Preexisting Duty Rule; Bargained-For Exchange; Past Consideration; Promissory Estoppel)
Capacity (incl Minors and Mental Incompetents) Legality
Comments Your Reading Assignment is Black. Material in Red is Optional. As a general rule, the Cases in your text are optional.
However, there are two exceptions: IF (a) I cover a Case in any class discussion or material, or (b) I cover the concepts presented in a Case in any class discussion or material, THEN that material is a part of the course and is fair game for any quizzes, tests, exams, etc.
Ch 6 Overview and Formation of Contracts
,
Contracts for the Sale of Goods
Chapter 8
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5&66*78902)&":
Chapter Overview
! "#$%&'()$%(*%+,-.'/$%0%'(1$,23$% ! 4(,52-.(6%(*%23,$$5$6-&%*(,%-#$%&2/$%(*%3((7&% ,$'(36.8$7%967$,%-#$%:;;%267%#(<%'(6-,2'-&% 3(1$,6$7%=>%-#$%:;;%7.**$,%*,(5%-#(&$%3(1$,6$7%=> -#$%'(55(6%/2< ! ?$32/%,9/$&%,$32,7.63%)2&&.63%(*%(<6$,&#.)%267% 2//('2-.(6%(*%,.&@%*(,%3((7&%.6%2%'(55$,'.2/%-,26&2'-.(6
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5&66*78902)&":
Chapter Overview (cont’d)
! :;;%),(1.&.(6&%3(1$,6.63%-#$%(=/.32-.(6&%(*%-#$% )2,-.$&%.6%2%&2/$&%23,$$5$6-%2&%<$//%2&%),(-$'-.(6&%*(,% .66('$6-%)2,-.$&%<#$6%-#$%(-#$,%)2,->%1.(/2-$&%-#$% 23,$$5$6- ! A(<%&$//$,&%'26%5.-.32-$%(,%$/.5.62-$%72523$&%<#$6% -#$>%.6.-.2//>%*2./%-(%)$,*(,5%),()$,/>% ! "#$%.6-$,62-.(62/%'(55$,'.2/%/2<%),.6'.)/$&%3(1$,6.63% &2/$%(*%3((7&%-,26&62-.(62/%'(6-,2'-&
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5&66*78902)&":
Introduction to Article 2
! "#$%:;;%.&%2%5(7$/%&-2-9-$%)9=/.&#$7%=>%-#$%B2-.(62/% ;(6*$,$6'$%(*%;(55.&&.(6$,&%(*%:6.*(,5%C-2-$%?2<&D%
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5&66*78902)&":
UCC Coverage and Definitions
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9" 65:*$()*+;756+0)$2*+#5+0)$2*"
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5&66*78902)&":
UCC Coverage and Definitions
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5&66*78902)&":
Function of the UCC
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5&66*78902)&":
Agreement in a Sales Contract: Offer
! +,-.'/$%0%/(<$,&%-#$%=2,%*(,%*(,52-.(6%=>%2//(<.63%26% $6*(,'$2=/$%'(6-,2'-%-(%2,.&$%J.6%26>%5266$,%&9**.'.$6-% -(%&#(<%23,$$5$6-K =$-<$$6%-#$%)2,-.$&D
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5&66*78902)&":
Agreement in a Sales Contract: Offer
"#$%:;;%2//(<&%2%'(6-,2'-%-(%=$%$6*(,'$7%=2&$7%(6%2% /2,3$,%).'-9,$%-#2-%'(6&.&-&%(*I LD )2&-%'(55$,'.2/%'(679'- 0D '(,,$&)(67$6'$%(,%1$,=2/%$F'#263$&%=$-<$$6%-#$% )2,-.$&
MD .679&-,>%&-2672,7&%267%6(,5&
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5&66*78902)&":
Offers with Open Terms
! N926-.->
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! P,.'$
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5&66*78902)&":
Quantity
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5&66*78902)&":
Other Open Terms
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5&66*78902)&":
Statute of Frauds
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5&66*78902)&":
Statute of Frauds
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5&66*78902)&":
Statute of Frauds
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5&66*78902)&":
Title
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5&66*78902)&":
Risk of Loss – Shipment Contract
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5&66*78902)&":
Risk of Loss – Destination Contract
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5&66*78902)&":
Risk of Loss
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5&66*78902)&":
Goods Picked Up by the Buyer
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5&66*78902)&":
International Sales of Goods
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5&66*78902)&":
,
Contract Enforceability and Performance
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5&66*78902)&":
Enforceability
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5" #$%10%6)1&10/%,0+$)%-$)&210%-1)-,73&20-$3"%
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5&66*78902)&":
Genuineness of Assent
! "#$%&%'#()$&')%)#%*+%+(,#$'+&*-+.%)/+%'#()$&')%012)%&-2#% *+%)/+%$+21-)%#,%3+(14(+%&22+()5% ! 6/42%0+&(2%)/&)%,#$%&%'#()$&')%)#%*+%7&-48%&(8%+(,#$'+&*-+.% )/+%-&9%$+:14$+2%)/+%;&$)4+2%)#%/&7+%347+(%3+(14(+%&22+()% #(%)/+%)+$02%#,%)/+%'#()$&')5%
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5&66*78902)&":
Genuineness of Assent
7-1'&$'&1&,%#%-2, 8 92'(2,&($#'%:(%2(#+2-;(%"&(32,%'#3%( 2,(%"&(<#1-1(2.(0-1'&$'&1&,%#%-2,4(1"&(051%($'2+&6( !" &'$%713)$()$3$0&$+%.2-&%623%72&$)128%10%&'$%2/)$$7$0&4%*)% &'$%.283$%)$()$3$0&2&1*0%3*7$'*6%-'20/$+%&'$%928,$%*.% &'$%-*0&)2-&
5" 3'$%:,3&1.12#8;%)$81$+%*0%&'$%7133&2&$7$0&%6'$0%%.*)710/% 20%2/)$$7$0&%
<" &'$%713)$()$3$0&2&1*0%623%*0$%*.%.2-&%20+%0*&%:,3&% 3*7$*0$=3%*(101*0%*)%7$)$%(,..10/"
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Genuineness of Assent
= 9'#5;5/&,%(7-1'&$'&1&,%#%-2,( > ?'$0%*0$%(2)&;%'23%$0/2/$+%10%-*0+,-&%&'2&%7$$&3%&'$% 3&20+2)+3%.*)%713)$()$3$0&2&1*0%#,&%&'2&%(2)&;%'23%2-&,28% @0*68$+/$%&'2&%&'$%)$()$3$0&2&1*0%13%0*&%&),$
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Genuineness of Assent
= >5'&11( > A.%*0$%(2)&;%&*%2%-*0&)2-&%,3$3%20;%.*)7%*.%,0.21)%-*$)-1*0%&*% 10+,-$%20*&'$)%(2)&;%&*%$0&$)%10&*%*)%7*+1.;%2%-*0&)2-&
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Categories of Duress
?@ A-2/&,3&(2'(%"'&#%1(2.(#(+-2/&,%(#3%( B@ *32,20-3(%"'&#%1(153"(#1(C'2,D.5/(%&'0-,#%-2,(2'( %"'&#%1(%2(<'"(#(32,%'#3%
E@ F"'&#%1(2.(&G%2'%-2,(2'(2%"&'(%"'&#%1(C"&'&<:(%"&( 2%"&'($#'%:("#1(,2(0&#,-,D.5/(3"2-3&@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Genuineness of Assent
= H,;5&(I,./5&,3&( > B88*63%&'$%10.8,$0-$+%(2)&;%&*%29*1+%2%-*0&)2-&%6'$0%&'$% -*,)&%+$&$)710$3%&'2&%&'$%&$)73%*.%&'$%-*0&)2-&%2)$%,0.21)% 20+%&'$%(2)&1$3%'2+%3*7$%&;($%*.%)$82&1*03'1(%&'2&%109*89$+% 2%.1+,-12);%+,&;%*)%3*7$%+,&;%&*%-2)$%.*)%&'$%10.8,$0-$+% (2)&;" > A7()*($)%()$33,)$%*.%2%&),3&$+%)$82&1*03'1(
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Genuineness of Assent
= H,32,13-2,#<-/-%:( > B%-*0&)2-&%72;%(*&$0&1288;%#$%29*1+$+%*0%&'$%/)*,0+3%&'2&% *0$%(2)&;%3,..$)$+%2%/)*338;%,0.21)%#,)+$0%&'2&%3'*-@3%&'$% *#:$-&19$%-*03-1$0-$"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Statute of Frauds
= F"&(1%#%5%&(2.(.'#5;1(-1(%"&(/#C(D2+&',-,D(C"-3"( 32,%'#3%1(051%(<&(-,(C'-%-,D(-,(2';&'(%2(<&(&,.2'3&#</&@(
= F"&(1%#%5%&J1($5'$21&(-1(%2($'&+&,%(.'#5;(<:('&K5-'-,D %"#%(3&'%#-,(32,%'#3%1("#+&(C'-%%&,(&+-;&,3&(2.(%"&-'( &G-1%&,3&(#,;(%&'01(-,(2';&'(%2(<&(&,.2'3&#</&@(
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Statute of Frauds
F"&(1%#%5%&(2.(.'#5;1($'-0#'-/:(#$$/-&1(%2(.-+&(%:$&1(2.( 32,%'#3%16 > C*0&)2-&3%&'2&%109*89$%&'$%328$%*.%10&$)$3&%10%820+"% > C*0&)2-&3%&'2&%-200*&%#$%($).*)7$+%10%,0+$)%*0$%;$2)" > C*0&)2-&3%&*%(2;%&'$%+$#&%*.%20*&'$)"% > C*0&)2-&3%72+$%10%-*031+$)2&1*0%*.%72))12/$"% > C*0&)2-&3%.*)%&'$%328$%*.%/**+3%.*)%DEFF%*)%7*)$%20+%8$23$% &)2032-&1*03%.*)%/**+3%27*,0&10/%&*%D!4FFF%*)%7*)$%GHCC% -*0&)2-&3I"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Interpretation Rules for Written Contracts
= L#'2/(&+-;&,3&('5/& > ()*91+$3%&'2&%20;%6)1&10/%10&$0+$+%#;%&'$%(2)&1$3%&*%#$ &'$%.1028%$J()$331*0%*.%&'$1)%2/)$$7$0&%72;%0*&%#$% -*0&)2+1-&$+%#;%20;%*)28%*)%6)1&&$0%2/)$$7$0&3%72+$%()1*) &*%&'$%6)1&10/" > +*$3%0*&%#2)%2+71331*0%*.%&'$%()$817102);%+*-,7$0&3%6'$0 &'$;%2)$%#$10/%,3$+%&*%+$&$)710$%&'$%7$2010/%&'2&%&'$% (2)&1$3%10&$0+$+%-*0-$)010/%2%(2)&1-,82)%&$)7%10%&'$% -*0&)2-&"
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Interpretation Rules for Written Contracts
= M0<-D5251(%&'01 #'&(32,1%'5&;(<:(%"&(325'%(#D#-,1%( %"&(-,%&'&1%(2.(%"&(1-;&(%"#%(;'#.%&;(%"&(#D'&&0&,%
= !25'%1(0#:(#/12(15$$/:(#(',#</&(%&'0(-,(#( 1-%5#%-2,(C"&'&(%"&(32,%'#3%(-1(1-/&,%(#,;("#1(20-%%&;( %&'01@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Nature and Effect of Conditions
= L#'%-&1(%2(#,(#D'&&0&,%(120&%-0&1(C-1"(%2(#//23#%&(2'( #;N51%(#($#'%-35/#'('-1O(#1123-#%&;(C-%"($&'.2'0-,D(#( 32,%'#3%@
= F"-1('-1O(#//23#%-2,(-1(%:$-3#//:(#3320$/-1"&;(<:( #%%#3"-,D(120&(&+&,%4(O,2C,(#1(#(32,;-%-2,4(%"#%(051%( 2335'(<&.2'&(#($#'%-35/#'($&'.2'0#,3&(2</-D#%-2,(-1( %'-DD&'&;@ !"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66*
%&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Categories of Conditions
! <#(84)4#(%;$+'+8+()% ! "#$%&%#'$'("'$)*+'$,–*.$/%0,.% 1%.0,.)"#-%$*#2%.$"$-,#'."-'$3+$2*%
! <#(84)4#(%21*2+:1+()% ! "#$%&%#'$'("'$,–*.+$"0'%.$'(%$1%.0,.)"#-%$*#2%.$'(%$-,#'."-' "#2$23+-(".4%+$'(%$1".'3%+5$,/634"'3,#+
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Good Faith Performance and Discharge
= L#'%-&1(#D'&&(2,(%&'01(#,;(%"&($#'%-&1($&'.2'0(%"&( 32,%'#3%5#/(2</-D#%-2,1(-,(D22;(.#-%"(-,(2';&'(%2( 320$/&%&(%"&(32,%'#3%@(
= F"-1(320$/&%-2,(-1(O,2C,(#1(;-13"#'D&4(<&3#51&(<2%"( $#'%-&1("#+&(,2C(P;-13"#'D&;Q(%"&-'(2</-D#%-2,(%2(%"&( 2%"&'(<:($&'.2'0-,D(%"&(#D'&&;85$2,(;5%-&1
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Substantial Performance
= R5<1%#,%-#/($&'.2'0#,3&( > &'$%(2)&;%&);10/%&*%$0.*)-$%&'$%-*0&)2-&%7,3&%3'*6%&'2&%3'$% 2-&$+%10%/**+%.21&'%20+%&'2&%20;%+$912&1*0%.)*7%&'$%)$K,1)$+% ($).*)720-$%623%0*&%72&$)128
= 7#%&'-#/( > )$.$)3%&*%3*7$%+$912&1*0%.)*7%&'$%-*0&)2-&%&'2&%)$3,8&3%10%2% 3,#3&20&128%-'20/$%10%&'$%928,$%*.%&'$ -*0&)2-&%*)%&'2&%-'20/$3%2%.,0+27$0&28%#2313%*.%&'$% 2/)$$7$0& !"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66*
%&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Mutual Consent
! =+2'4224#( ! #%3'(%.$1".'7$("+$0*667$1%.0,.)%28$'(%$1".'3%+$)"7$"4.%%$',$ -"#-%6$'(%$-,#'."-' ! %"-($1".'7$43&%+$*1$.34('+$*#2%.$'(%$-,#'."-'$3# %9-("#4%$0,.$'(%$.%6%"+%$/7$'(%$,'(%.$1".'7$0.,)$1%.0,.)3#4$ '(%3.$,/634"'3,#+
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Mutual Consent
! >''#$8%&(8%2&)42,&')4#(. ! ,#%$1".'7$"4.%%+$',$.%#2%.$"$+*/+'3'*'%$1%.0,.)"#-%$3#$'(%$ 0*'*.%$:;#,<#$"+$"–,.2=8$"#2$'(%$,'(%.$1".'7$1.,)3+%+$',$ "–%1'$'("'$+*/+'3'*'%$1%.0,.)"#-%$3#$23+-(".4%$,0$'(%$%93+'3#4$ 1%.0,.)"#-%$,/634"'3,#>$
! ?('+%)/+%21*2)4)1)+%;+$,#$0&('+%/&2%*++(%$+(8+$+8.%)/42% &')2%&2%&%2&)42,&')4#(%#,%)/+%#*-43&)4#(5%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Mutual Consent
= R5<1%-%5%&(#D'&&0&,%( > /$0$)288;%,3$+%&*%-*7()*713$%6'$0%&6*%(2)&1$3%'29$%2% +13(,&$%23%&*%($).*)720-$%*.%&'$%-*0&)2-&%20+%613'%&*% 27$0+%1&3%&$)73"% > 177$+12&$8;%+13-'2)/$3%20;%*#81/2&1*03%,0+$)%&'$ *)1/1028%-*0&)2-&"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Mutual Consent
= S2+#%-2, > 2%@10+%*.%3,#3&1&,&$%2/)$$7$0&%&'2&%109*89$3%2%3,#3&1&,&$% &'1)+%(2)&;%)2&'$)%&'20%2%3,#3&1&,&$%()*713$ > )$9*@$3%20+%+13-'2)/$3%288%*.%&'$%)$(82-$+%(2)&;=3% *#81/2&1*03%,0+$)%&'$%*8+%-*0&)2-&"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Operation of Law
= I0$211-<-/-%: = I0$'#3%-3#<-/-%: = 9'51%'#%-2,(2.($5'$21&@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Impossibility
= I0$211-<-/-%: > B.&$)%&'$%(2)&1$3%'29$%$0&$)$+%20%2/)$$7$0&4%&'$% -*0&$7(82&$+%($).*)720-$%*.%&'$%*#81/2&1*03%72;%#$-*7$% 17(*331#8$%20+4%&'$)$.*)$4%72;%#$%3,#:$-&%&*%+13-'2)/$"% > 7,3&%#$%*#:$-&19$
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Impossibility
751%(.-%(-,%2(2,&(2.(.25'(-,%&'+&,-,D(&+&,%1 ?@ >&1%'53%-2,(2.(%"&(15<N&3%(0#%%&'6 B@ >&#%"(2'(-,3#$#3-%#%-2,(2.(2,&(2.(%"&($#'%-&1(%2(%"&( 32,%'#3%
E@ F"&(0&#,1(2.($&'.2'0#,3&(32,%&0$/#%&;(-,(%"&( 32,%'#3%(3#,,2%(<&($&'.2'0&;
T@ L&'.2'0#,3&(2.(%"&(2</-D#%-2,("#1(<&320&(-//&D#/( 15<1&K5&,%(%2(%"&(32,%'#3%(<5%($'-2'(%2($&'.2'0#,3&
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Impracticability
= 92'(#(32,%'#3%(%2(<&(;-13"#'D&;(5,;&'(-0$'#3%-3#<-/-%:4( %"&(<5';&,(051%(<&(5,.2'&1&&#</&(#,; &G%'&0&(-,( %&'01(2.(321%@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Frustration of Purpose
"$12)$&)4#(%#,%;1$;#2+%0&@%*+%12+8%)#%842'/&$3+%&(% #*-43&)4#(%4,.%&,)+$%)/+%;&$)4+2%+()+$%4()#%&(%&3$++0+() !" 2%(2)&;=3%()10-1(28%(,)(*3$%13%3,#3&20&1288;%.),3&)2&$+%61&'*,&% '$)%.2,8&%
5" 3*7$%$9$0&%*–,)34%6'$0%&'$%0*0*–,))$0-$%*.%&'$%$9$0&% 623%2%-$0&)28%233,7(&1*0%*.%#*&'%(2)&1$3%6'$0%$0&$)10/%10&*% &'$%-*0&)2-&
<" &'$%(2)&1$3%'29$%0*&%*&'$)613$%2/)$$+%*0%6'*%#$2)3%&'$%)13@ *.%3,-'%20%*–,))$0-$"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Frustration of Purpose
F"&($#'%-&1(0#:(#/12(<&(;-13"#'D&;(%"'25D"(2$&'#%-2,(2.( /#C(C"&,6( ! &%'#()$&')%42%1(4-&)+$&–@%&-)+$+8%*@%&%;&$)@ ! &%'#()$&')%42%21*A+')%)#%$+-4+,%#,%)/+%B&(C$1;)'@%<#8+% ! )/+%2)&)1)+%#,%-404)&)4#(2.%9/+$+%2)&)+%-&9%40;#2+2%&%)40+% -404)%#(%+(,#$'+0+()%#,%'#()$&')%#*-43&)4#(2.%/&2%+D;4$+85
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Breach
= U"&,(#($#'%:(%2(#,(#D'&&0&,%(2C&1(#(;5%:(%2($&'.2'0( #,;(.#-/1(%2(.5/.-//("&'(2</-D#%-2,4(1"&(-1(1#-;(%2("#+&( <'"&; %"&(32,%'#3%@
= F"&($#'%:(%"#%(15..&'&;(%"&(<'"(-1(#/12(&,%-%/&;(%2( 15&(%"&(<'"-,D($#'%:(-,(#,(#%%&0$%(%2('&32+&'( 02,&:(;#0#D&1(V'&0&;-&1W@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Anticipatory Repudiation
H,;&'(%"&(;23%'-,&(2.(#,%-3-$#%2':('&$5;-#%-2,4 C"&,(2,&( $#'%:(51&1(5,&K5-+23#/(/#,D5#D&(%2(3#,3&/(#(32,%'#3%( <&.2'&($&'.2'0#,3&(-1(;5&4(%"&(2%"&'(0#:(.-/&(15-%( -00&;-#%&/:@(
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Remedies at Law
= !20$&,1#%2':(>#0#D&1 > B&&$7(&%&*%(,&%&'$%0*0L#)$2-'10/%(2)&;%10%&'$%327$%(*31&1*0% 3'$%6*,8+%'29$%#$$0%10%1.%&'$%*&'$)%(2)&;%'2+%($).*)7$+%23% 2/)$$+ > M,&L*.L(*-@$&%+272/$34%N)*.1&3%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Remedies at Law
= !2,1&K5&,%-#/(>#0#D&1 > C*03$K,$0&128%+272/$3%-*7($032&$%&'$%0*0#)$2-'10/% (2)&;%.*)%.*)$3$$2#8$%10+1)$-&%8*33$3%0*&%-*9$)$+%#;% -*7($032&*);%+272/$3"%
! >(%&33$4+7+8%;&$)@%42%+()4)-+8%)#%$+'#7+$%'#(2+:1+()4&-% 8&0&3+2%4,%)/+%8&0&3+2%&$+%'&12+8%*@%1(4:1+%&(8% ,#$+2++&*-+%'4$'102)&('+2%*+@#(8%)/+%'#()$&')%4)2+-,5% ! E&8-+@%75%B&D+(8&-+
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Remedies at Law
! =+2)4)1)4#(%42%&%$+0+8@%8+243(+8%)#%;$+7+()%1(A12)% +($4'/0+()%#,%#(+%;&$)@%4(%&(%&3$++0+()5
! F(%)/+%+7+()%)/&)%#(+%;&$)@%42%4(%)/+%;$#'+22%#,%;+$,#$04(3% )/+%'#()$&')%&(8%)/+%#)/+$%;&$)@%'#004)2%&%0&)+$4&-% *$+&'/.%)/+%(#(*$+&'/4(3%;&$)@%42%+()4)-+8%)#%$+2'4(8% G'&('+-H%)/+%'#()$&')%&(8%$+'+47+%,&4$%0&$C+)%7&-1+%,#$%&(@% 2+$74'+2%$+(8+$+85%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Remedies at Law
= X-K5-;#%&;(>#0#D&1 > O272/$3%&'2&%&'$%(2)&1$3%2/)$$%&*%2'$2+%*.%&17$"% > O272/$3%-200*&%#$%$J-$3319$%3*%23%&*%($0281P$%&'$% #)$2-'10/%(2)&;"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Equitable Remedies
= R$&3-.-3(L&'.2'0#,3& > Q$7$+;%6'$)$#;%2%-*,)&%*)+$)3%&'$%#)$2-'10/%(2)&;%&*% )$0+$)%&'$%()*713$+%($).*)720-$%#;%*)+$)10/%&'$%(2)&;%&*% &2@$%2%3($-1.1-%2-&1*0"% > B92182#8$%*08;%6'$0%&'$%3,#:$-&%72&&$)%*.%&'$%-*0&)2-&%13% 3,..1-1$0&8;%,01K,$ 3*%&'2&%7*0$;%+272/$3%2)$%102+$K,2&$"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Equitable Remedies
= I,N5,3%-+&(Y&/-&. > B%-*,)&%*)+$)%&*%)$.)210%.)*7%($).*)710/%2%(2)&1-,82)%2-&%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Equitable Remedies
= Y&.2'0#%-2, > ?'$0%&'$%(2)&1$3%'29$%17($).$-&8;%$J()$33$+%&'$1)% 2/)$$7$0&%20+%&'13%17($).$-&1*0%)$3,8&3%10%2%+13(,&$4%2% -*,)&%72;%-'20/$%&'$%-*0&)2-&%#;%)$6)1&10/%1&%&*%-*0.*)7%&*% &'$%(2)&1$3=%2-&,28%10&$0&1*03"
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Mitigation of Damages
= F"&(/#C(-0$21&1(#,(2</-D#%-2,(2,(%"&($#'%-&1(-,(#( 32,%'#3%(%2(%#O&(#$$'2$'-#%&(1%&$1(%2(#+2-;(-,35''-,D( ;#0#D&1(#,;(/211&1@(
= F"&('5/&($'&+&,%-,D('&32+&':(.2'(',#</:(#+2-;#</&( ;#0#D&1(-1(2.%&,(3#//&;(%"&(;5%:(%2 0-%-D#%&@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Clean Hands
= !/&#,("#,;14(#1(#$$/-&;(%2(32,%'#3%(&,.2'3&0&,%4( '&K5-'&1(%"#%(%"&($#'%:(1"2C(%"#%(-%("#;(,2(.#5/%(-,(%"&( <'"-,D(2.(%"&(32,%'#3%(#,;(%"#%(-%(C#1('&#;:4(C-//-,D4( #,;(#</&(%2($&'.2'0(-%1('&K5-'&;(2</-D#%-2,1(5,;&'(%"&( 32,%'#3%@(
= F"-1('&#;-,&11(%2($&'.2'0(-1(3#//&;(%&,;&'(2.( $&'.2'0#,3&@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Assignment
= M11-D,0&,% > 2%&)203.$)%*.%-,))$0&%)1/'&3%G0*&%.,&,)$%)1/'&3I%,0+$)%2% -*0&)2-&%#;%*0$%(2)&;%10%2%-*0&)2-&%&*%2%&'1)+%(2)&;"
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Delegation
= L#'%-&1(%2(#(32,%'#3%(0#:(#/12(15<1%-%5%&(#,2%"&'($#'%:( %2($&'.2'0(#,:(;5%-&1(2C&;(5,;&'(%"&(#D'&&0&,%@(
= M(;&/&D#%-2,(-1(#(%'#,1.&'(2.(35''&,%(;5%-&1(2C&;(<:( 2,&($#'%:(5,;&'(#(32,%'#3%(%2(#(%"-';($#'%:@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Third-Party Beneficiaries
= I,(#,(#11-D,0&,%(2'(;&/&D#%-2,4(%"&(%"-';($#'%:J1('-D"%1( 2335'(#.%&'(%"&(.2'0#%-2,(2.(%"&(32,%'#3%@( = Z2C&+&'4(120&%-0&1(#($#'%:(0#:(.2'0(#(32,%'#3%(%2( <&,&.-%(,2%("&'1&/.4(<5%(#(%"-';($&'12,@( = I,(%"-1(3#1&4(%"#%($&'12,4(3#//&;(%"&(%"-';8$#'%:( <&,&.-3-#':4(<&320&1(#($#'%:(%2(%"&(32,%'#3%(#,;( 3&'%#-,('-D"%1(#'-1&(%2($'2%&3%(%"&(%"-';($#'%:@ = I,%&,;&;4(-,3-;&,%#/(<&,&.-3-#'-&1
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
