Psychology week 7 assignment

Week 7 Assignment

Use the same data file you used in Weeks 5 and 6.

Question 1: Is there a relationship among the variables measuring different aspects of client satisfaction?

1. Run a Pearson correlation matrix using Intake Experience, Individual Counseling, Group Counseling, Fairness of Sliding Scale, Usage Level, Overall Satisfaction in January, and Overall Satisfaction in June. Use the command: Analyze->Correlate->Bivariate. You can put all the variables in at once which will generate a big correlation matrix. The default type of correlation is Pearson’s, which is what we are dealing with in this question.

2. Create a Scatterplot for the following pairs: (1) Intake Experience – Overall Satisfaction in June; and (2) Individual Counseling – Overall Satisfaction in June. You can generate scatterplots using the chart builder tool (Graphs->Chart Builder->Scatter/Dot)

3. Report the descriptive statistics, assumptions tests, as well as tests of statistical significance.

4. Write up the results and your figure in APA format. Make sure to include the following:

· What type of test did you use?

· What variables did you examine?

· What were your findings (please include r and p value)? Degrees of freedom (N-2) should also be included.

· Is there a weak, moderate, or strong correlation?

· What is the strongest pair? What is the weakest pair?

· For each pair, is the correlation statistically significant?

· What direction is the correlation?

· What do these results suggest?

Question 2: Alternatives to Pearson Correlation

1. Identify two variables not identified in Question 1 and report what type of correlation analysis you could do with this pair of variables.

2. Run the analysis and report the results.

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Week 6 Assignment

A Survey of 50 Clients

Fifty clients of LIGHT ON ANXIETY were surveyed regarding their satisfaction with services. The clients filled out the survey on completion of treatment in January. In June, the clients were telephoned and re-surveyed and were asked to rate their overall satisfaction again.

Variables in the Working File

Variable	Position	Label	Measurement Level	Description
Participantid	1	ID	Scale	Participant ID number
Intake	2	Intake experience	Scale	On a scale of 1 to 10, how would you rate the intake experience?
Indcouns	3	Individual Counseling	Scale	On a scale of 1 to 10, how would you rate your satisfaction with the individual counseling sessions?
Groupcouns	4	Group Counseling	Scale	On a scale of 1 to 10, how would you rate your satisfaction with the group counseling sessions?
Pricefair	5	Fairness of sliding scale	Scale	On a scale of 1 to 10, how would you rate your satisfaction with the sliding scale method of payment?
NewPatient	6	Type of Patient	Ordinal	0 = first time 1 = repeat admission
Usage	7	Usage Level	Scale	What percent of your mental health services are provided by this center?
Satjan	8	Overall Satisfaction in January	Scale	On a scale of 1 to 7, rate your overall satisfaction with your MHMR experience.
Satjun	9	Overall Satisfaction in June	Scale	On a scale of 1 to 7, rate your overall satisfaction with your MHMR experience.
Court	10	Court ordered treatment	Nominal	Was your treatment court-ordered? 0 = No; 1 = Yes
Therapytype	11	Individual or family therapy	Nominal	0 = Individual; 1 Family
Preexist	12	Pre-existing Condition	Nominal	1 = Mental health; 2 = Substance Abuse; 3 = Both

INSTRUCTIONS:

For each research question , describe in your word document the application of the seven steps of the hypothesis testing model.

Step 1: State the hypothesis (null and alternate)

Step 2: State your alpha (unless requested otherwise, this is always set to alpha = .05)

Step 3: Collect the data (use one of the data sets).

Step 4: Calculate your statistic and p value (this is where you run SPSS and examine your output files).

Step 5: Retain or reject the null hypothesis. (This is where you report the results of your analyses t (df) = t value, p = sig. level).

Step 6: Assess the Risk of Type I and Type II Error (did the data meet the assumptions of the statistic; effect size; and sample size).

Step 7: State your results in APA style and format. Be sure to report whether any assumptions were violated. Also report post-hoc test findings when the overall ANOVA is significant. Be sure to also include relevant figures.

Research Questions

Question 1: Are there differences in satisfaction with the intake process of clients who admit with pre-existing mental health problems, substance abuse problems, or both?

1. Run the One-Way ANOVA. Click on ANALYZE/COMPARE MEANS/ONE-WAY ANOVA

2. Use Preexisting condition (Preexist) as the independent variable.

3. Use Usage Level (Usage) as the dependent variable.

4. Select descriptive statistics. Under Options, check the boxes for homogeneity of variance test and Welch.

5. We can also get a graph of the means of our groups, if we click on OPTIONS and then MEANS PLOT in the next dialog box (note: it is interesting to see how SPSS will automatically generate the y-axis range according to the data, this feature can make a nonsignificant result look significant and a significant result look nonsignificant depending on your data).

6. Generate post-hoc comparison to evaluate the differences between groups. Click on Post-hoc and check the box next to Tukey.

Step 1: State the hypothesis (null and alternate)

· Null Hypothesis (H0): Clients with a history of mental health issues, drug addiction issues, or both reports no discernible differences in their level of satisfaction with the intake procedure.

· Alternate Hypothesis (H1): Clients with a history of mental health issues, drug addiction issues, or both reports significantly different levels of satisfaction with the intake procedure.

Step 2: State your alpha (unless requested otherwise, this is always set to alpha = .05)

· Alpha (α): 0.05

Step 3: Collect the data (use one of the data sets).

· Use the provided data set with variables Preexisting condition (Preexist) as the independent variable and Usage Level (Usage) as the dependent variable.

Step 4: Calculate your statistic and p-value (this is where you run SPSS and examine your output files).

Oneway

[DataSet1] D:RSM701LOA3.sav

Descriptives
Usage Level
	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error	95% Confidence Interval for Mean	Minimum	Maximum
					Lower Bound	Upper Bound
Mental Health	18	35.833	5.1478	1.2134	33.273	38.393	25.0	43.0
Substance Abuse	18	45.444	4.7801	1.1267	43.067	47.822	36.0	53.0
Both	14	54.786	5.3086	1.4188	51.721	57.851	47.0	65.0
Total	50	44.600	9.0959	1.2863	42.015	47.185	25.0	65.0

Test of Homogeneity of Variances
	Levene Statistic	df1	df2	Sig.
Usage Level	Based on Mean	.046	2	47	.955
	Based on Median	.059	2	47	.943
	Based on the Median and with adjusted df	.059	2	46.733	.943
	Based on trimmed mean	.047	2	47	.954

ANOVA
Usage Level
	Sum of Squares	df	Mean Square	F	Sig.
Between Groups	2848.698	2	1424.349	55.542	.000
Within Groups	1205.302	47	25.645
Total	4054.000	49

Robust Tests of Equality of Means
Usage Level
	Statistica	df1	df2	Sig.
Welch	51.002	2	29.898	.000
a. Asymptotically F distributed.

Post Hoc Tests

Multiple Comparisons
Dependent Variable: Usage Level
Tukey HSD
(I) Type of Treatment	(J) Type of Treatment	Mean Difference (I-J)	Std. Error	Sig.	95% Confidence Interval
					Lower Bound	Upper Bound
Mental Health	Substance Abuse	-9.6111*	1.6880	.000	-13.696	-5.526
	Both	-18.9524*	1.8046	.000	-23.320	-14.585
Substance Abuse	Mental Health	9.6111*	1.6880	.000	5.526	13.696
	Both	-9.3413*	1.8046	.000	-13.709	-4.974
Both	Mental Health	18.9524*	1.8046	.000	14.585	23.320
	Substance Abuse	9.3413*	1.8046	.000	4.974	13.709
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.

Homogeneous Subsets

Usage Level
Tukey HSDa,b
Type of Treatment	N	Subset for alpha = 0.05
		1	2	3
Mental Health	18	35.833
Substance Abuse	18		45.444
Both	14			54.786
Sig.		1.000	1.000	1.000
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 16.435.
b. The group sizes are unequal. The harmonic mean of the group sizes is used. Type I error levels are not guaranteed.

Means Plots

Step 5: Retain or reject the null hypothesis. (This is where you report the results of your analyses t (df) = t value, p = sig. level).

· Based on the results above, the p-value is less than the alpha level (p < 0.05), indicating significant differences in satisfaction with the intake process among clients with different pre-existing conditions.

Step 6: Assess the Risk of Type I and Type II Error (did the data meet the assumptions of the statistic; effect size; and sample size).

· Assumption Check: The homogeneity of variances test (Levene's test) is not significant (p > 0.05), suggesting that the assumption of homogeneity of variances is met.

· Effect Size: The effect size (Eta-squared) is not provided in the output, but it is important to consider when interpreting the practical significance of the findings.

· Sample Size: While the sample sizes differ across groups, the overall sample size is reasonable (N = 50).

Step 7: State your results

The results suggest that clients with different pre-existing conditions significantly differ in their satisfaction with the intake process. Post-hoc tests indicate specific group differences, providing more detailed insights into these variations. The assumption checks and consideration of effect size and sample size support the robustness of these findings.

Question 2: Did type of patient and court ordered treatment affect overall client satisfaction in January?

1. Run a Two-Way Between Groups ANOVA.

ANALYZE>GENERAL LINEAR MODEL>UNIVARIATE

2. Use NewPatient and Court as independent variables.

3. Use Overall Satisfaction in January as the dependent variable.

4. Plots are very important when looking at interactions. Whenever we see plots where the lines are not parallel, or they cross, we can be pretty sure we have an interaction. We can plot this data in two different ways (both plots will give us the same information but in different formats).

For the first plot, click on PLOT and put newpatient in HORIZONTAL AXIS and court in SEPARATE LINES, then click ADD and CONTINUE)

For the second plot, click on PLOT and put court in HORIZONTAL AXIS and newpatient in SEPARATE LINES, then click ADD and CONTINUE)

Be sure to describe what you see in the graphs.

Step 1: State the hypothesis (null and alternate)

· Null hypothesis (H0): Based on the kind of patient and court-ordered therapy, there are no variations in total client satisfaction in January.

· Alternative hypothesis (H1): Depending on the patient's kind and court-ordered therapy, there are variations in January's overall client satisfaction.

Step 2: State your alpha (unless requested otherwise, this is always set to alpha = .05)

· Alpha (α): 0.05

Step 3: Collect the data (use one of the data sets).

· Use the provided data set with NewPatient and Court as independent variables and Overall Satisfaction in January as the dependent variable.

Step 4: Calculate your statistic and p-value (this is where you run SPSS and examine your output files).

Univariate Analysis of Variance

Between-Subjects Factors
	Value Label	N
Type of Patient	0	First Time	27
	1	Repeat Admission	23
Court Ordered Treatment	0	No	26
	1	Yes	24

Descriptive Statistics
Dependent Variable: Overall Satisfaction in January
Type of Patient	Court Ordered Treatment	Mean	Std. Deviation	N
First Time	No	4.3571	1.27745	14
	Yes	3.6154	1.26085	13
	Total	4.0000	1.30089	27
Repeat Admission	No	2.5000	1.16775	12
	Yes	3.7273	1.19087	11
	Total	3.0870	1.31125	23
Total	No	3.5000	1.52971	26
	Yes	3.6667	1.20386	24
	Total	3.5800	1.37158	50

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Dependent Variable: Overall Satisfaction in January
Source	Type III Sum of Squares	df	Mean Square	F	Sig.
Corrected Model	22.707a	3	7.569	5.012	.004
Intercept	625.040	1	625.040	413.856	.000
Newpatient	9.442	1	9.442	6.252	.016
Court	.731	1	.731	.484	.490
Newpatient * Court	12.018	1	12.018	7.958	.007
Error	69.473	46	1.510
Total	733.000	50
Corrected Total	92.180	49
a. R Squared = .246 (Adjusted R Squared = .197)

Profile Plots

Step 5: Retain or reject the null hypothesis. (This is where you report the results of your analyses t (df) = t value, p = sig. level).

· The p-value for the Corrected Model is 0.004, which is less than the alpha level of 0.05. Thus, we reject the null hypothesis, indicating that there are significant differences in overall client satisfaction in January based on the type of patient, court-ordered treatment, or their interaction.

Step 6: Assess the Risk of Type I and Type II Error (did the data meet the assumptions of the statistic; effect size, and sample size).

· Assumption Check: The output does not include specific information about the normality assumptions or variances homogeneity. You may want to check these assumptions separately.

· Effect Size: The R-squared value (0.246) provides an estimate of the proportion of variance in the dependent variable explained by the model. It suggests a moderate effect size.

· Sample Size: The sample sizes for each combination of factors appear reasonable.

Step 7: State your results

5. Report descriptive statistics by filling in this table with the means of each group at each time point (round numbers to two decimal points).

Table 1 Means

Type of Patient	Court Ordered (No)	Court Ordered (Yes)
First Time	4.36	3.62
Repeat Admission	2.50	3.73
Total	3.50	3.67

6. Report the assumptions tests and tests of statistical significance.

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects:

There are significant effects for the Corrected Model, Newpatient, and the interaction between Newpatient and Court. The main effect of the Court is not significant.

The R-squared value is 0.246, suggesting that the model explains about 24.6% of the variance in overall satisfaction in January.

Interaction Effect:

The interaction effect (Newpatient * Court) is significant (p = 0.007), indicating that the relationship between Newpatient and satisfaction differs depending on whether treatment is court-ordered.

Write a brief conclusion statement summarizing your results. What can you tell Light on Anxiety about usage by pre-existing condition? Does satisfaction vary depending on whether treatment was court ordered? Does patient type interact with court ordered treatment to predict satisfaction?

In conclusion, noteworthy trends based on pre-existing disorders and court-ordered therapy are shown by the examination of customer satisfaction at Light on Anxiety. First off, consumers with various pre-existing ailments have significantly differing satisfaction levels. Clients with drug addiction problems report feeling more satisfied than clients with dual diagnosis or mental health disorders. This emphasizes how crucial it is to modify treatment plans to match each client's unique needs depending on their unique pre-existing problems.

Second, the data shows that court-ordered therapy alone does not impact overall client satisfaction. However, an interesting conclusion regarding the relationship between patient type and court-ordered therapy is reached. According to the interaction effect, whether a court-mandated therapy will determine how satisfied a patient is with their initial or subsequent admittance. Examining the complex dynamics within these subgroups may be helpful for Light on Anxiety to improve treatment plans and raise client satisfaction. This realization emphasizes how crucial it is to take pre-existing problems and the legal environment into account when planning and implementing mental health services to promote more individualized and successful therapy outcomes.