Architecture and Design Greece assignment

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Motifs and Architectural Details: Top left: Acanthus plant, anthemion, palmette and egg and dart; Top right: fret, wave, guilloche, antifix. Greece.

Focus on Greece: 4 periods

Geometric or Orientalizing Period: (c. 100-650 B.C.E.) Little survives from this early period. Mud-brick temples and tombs ae chief architectural forms. Vases are the dominant surviving at form.

Archaic (c. 660-475 B.C.E.). Monumental stone architecture and sculpture originate in the 7th century B.C.E. The architectural form and vocabulary that characterize Greek buildings evolve throughout this period. The Doric and lonic orders originate, and builders search for perfection in the proportion and distribution of parts.

Classical (c. 475-323 B.C.E.). The search for perfection culminates in the great Doric temples of the Classical period, particularly the Temple of Aphaia in Aegina and the Parthenon in Athens. Ionic temples are jewels of perfection also. The Corinthian order originates and is used only for interiors. The architectural vocabulary is fully developed, and no new innovations, only variations, are introduced. During the 4th century B.C.E, builders begin to deviate from classical forms and proportions.

Hellenistic (323-30 B.C.E.). Greek society becomes more sophisticated, and new building types appear in response. Architecture becomes more subjective, deviating even more from the Classical period architectural language. New variations of capitals appear, and proportions vary even more. Ornament become more important.